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Administration of an electric shock to the subject's heart, termed defibrillation, is usually needed in order to restore a viable, or "perfusing", heart rhythm. The objective is to delay tissue death and to extend the brief window of opportunity for a successful resuscitation without permanent brain damage. Its main purpose is to restore partial flow of oxygenated blood to the brain and heart. Chest compression to breathing ratios is set at 30 to 2 in adults.ĬPR alone is unlikely to restart the heart. In children, however, only doing compressions may result in worse outcomes because, in children, the problem normally arises from a respiratory, rather than cardiac, problem. Current recommendations place emphasis on early and high-quality chest compressions over artificial ventilation a simplified CPR method involving chest compressions, is only recommended for untrained rescuers. The rescuer may also provide artificial ventilation by either exhaling air into the subject's mouth or nose (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) or using a device that pushes air into the subject's lungs (mechanical ventilation). It is recommended in those who are unresponsive with no breathing or abnormal breathing, for example, agonal respirations.ĬPR involves chest compressions for adults between 5 cm (2.0 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in) deep and at a rate of at least 100 to 120 per minute. These compressions help keep blood flowing throughout the body.Ĭardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions often with artificial ventilation in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who is in cardiac arrest. CPR uses chest compressions to mimic how the heart pumps. When a person's heart stops beating, they are in cardiac arrest.
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